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Abstract
Mastitis is an inflammatory condition of the mammary gland, it may or may not involve infection. It arises from improper drainage of the breast which leads to breast congestion and milk stasis. Its prevalence is greater during the puerperium, however it can also happen at any other time. It is a debilitating disease which often results in interruption of breast feeding. It is classified according to its course, its clinical outcome, and if it happens while breast feeding or not. During breast feeding, mastitis is usually the result of a process of dysbiosis. Staphylococcus Aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and certain corinebacteria have been isolated as main etiological agents. Pain is the most frequent symptom, however it is usually accompanied by systemic symptoms (flu like symptoms, myalgia and fever). The diagnosis is based on its clinical findings and its treatment focuses mainly on adequate milk extraction, symptomatic management and the establishment of antibiotic treatment. In certain specific cases, it is advisable to perform a breast milk culture. If not properly addressed, mastitis can progress and form a breast abscess.
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References
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