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Abstract
Syncope is a loss of the state of consciousness that is characterized by being transient and self-limited. It is produced by an acute fall in global cerebral perfusion, its duration does not usually exceed 20 seconds and its recovery is spontaneous and complete. It presents a peak of bimodal incidence between 10 and 30 years, the causes vary depending on the clinical context of each patient. It is classified according to its pathophysiological mechanisms in: neurally mediated syncope, cardiac and orthostatic hypotension. The initial evaluation is a key piece in the diagnosis of the patient, a detailed medical history, complete physical examination and electrocardiogram will define the risk stratification and thus the eventual management. The treatment of patients with syncope depends on the cause and its mechanism, it consists of 3 fundamental pillars, directed to reduce mortality, avoid traumatic injuries and prevents recurrences.
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References
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